Fly's Note - 笨蒼蠅的筆記

2012年5月18日星期五

New I2C I/O Expander Supplier

Goyatek is a new I2C I/O expander supplier.
It supplies PCA9554, PCA9554A and PCA9555.

A new I2C IO expander supplier

Goyatek is a new i2c io expander supplier. PCA9555, PCA9554 and PCA9554A are available.

2012年4月26日星期四

GNU Cross Compiler 編譯程序

寫了一個 Makefile，可以半自動的編譯 GNU Cross Compiler
做個記錄，怕以後忘記


#TARGET      = arm-elf
#TARGET      = mips-elf
TARGET      = sparc-elf

PKG_DIR     = $(CURDIR)/PKG
SRC_DIR     = $(CURDIR)/SRC
BUILD_DIR   = $(CURDIR)/BUILD-$(TARGET)
TARGET_DIR  = /srv/xfile/compiler/$(TARGET)-4.7.0

BINUTILS_VER = binutils-2.22
GCC_VER      = gcc-4.7.0
MPC_VER      = mpc-0.9
MPFR_VER     = mpfr-3.1.0
GMP_VER      = gmp-5.0.4
NEWLIB_VER   = newlib-1.20.0
GDB_VER      = gdb-7.3.1
INSIGHT_VER  = insight-6.8-1

GCC_PACKAGE        = $(PKG_DIR)/gcc/$(GCC_VER).tar.bz2
GCC_SRC_DIR        = $(SRC_DIR)/$(GCC_VER)
GCC_BUILD_DIR      = $(BUILD_DIR)/$(GCC_VER)

GMP_PACKAGE        = $(PKG_DIR)/gmp/$(GMP_VER).tar.bz2
GMP_SRC_DIR        = $(SRC_DIR)/$(GMP_VER)
GMP_BUILD_DIR      = $(BUILD_DIR)/$(GMP_VER)

MPFR_PACKAGE       = $(PKG_DIR)/mpfr/$(MPFR_VER).tar.bz2
MPFR_SRC_DIR        = $(SRC_DIR)/$(MPFR_VER)
MPFR_BUILD_DIR      = $(BUILD_DIR)/$(MPFR_VER)

MPC_PACKAGE        = $(PKG_DIR)/mpc/$(MPC_VER).tar.gz
MPC_SRC_DIR        = $(SRC_DIR)/$(MPC_VER)
MPC_BUILD_DIR      = $(BUILD_DIR)/$(MPC_VER)

BINUTILS_PACKAGE   = $(PKG_DIR)/binutils/$(BINUTILS_VER).tar.bz2
BINUTILS_SRC_DIR   = $(SRC_DIR)/$(BINUTILS_VER)
BINUTILS_BUILD_DIR = $(BUILD_DIR)/$(BINUTILS_VER)

GDB_PACKAGE        = $(PKG_DIR)/gdb/$(GDB_VER).tar.gz
GDB_SRC_DIR        = $(SRC_DIR)/$(GDB_VER)
GDB_BUILD_DIR      = $(BUILD_DIR)/$(GDB_VER)

NEWLIB_PACKAGE     = $(PKG_DIR)/newlib/$(NEWLIB_VER).tar.gz
NEWLIB_SRC_DIR     = $(SRC_DIR)/$(NEWLIB_VER)
NEWLIB_BUILD_DIR   = $(BUILD_DIR)/$(NEWLIB_VER)

INSIGHT_PACKAGE    = $(PKG_DIR)/insight/$(INSIGHT_VER).tar.bz2
INSIGHT_SRC_DIR    = $(SRC_DIR)/$(INSIGHT_VER)
INSIGHT_BUILD_DIR  = $(BUILD_DIR)/$(INSIGHT_VER)

CONFIG_FLAGS       = --target=$(TARGET) \
                     --prefix=$(TARGET_DIR)
note:
        @echo ----------------------------------------
        @echo make binutils    # Build binutils
        @echo make gcc-p0      # Build GMP, MPFR, MPC
        @echo make gcc-p1      # Build GCC Pass-1
        @echo make newlib      # Build newlib
        @echo make gcc-p2      # Build GCC Pass-2
        @echo make insight     # Build insight
        @echo ----------------------------------------

all: binutils gcc-p0 gcc-p1 newlib gcc-p2 insight

dir : src_dir

# Source Decompress

src_dir: $(BINUTILS_SRC_DIR) $(NEWLIB_SRC_DIR) $(GCC_SRC_DIR) $(GDB_SRC_DIR) $(INSIGHT_SRC_DIR) $(GMP_SRC_DIR) $(MPFR_SRC_DIR) $(MPC_SRC_DIR)

build_dir: $(BINUTILS_BUILD_DIR) $(NEWLIB_BUILD_DIR) $(GCC_BUILD_DIR) $(GDB_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- BINUTIL ----------------

BINUTILS_CONF = $(CONFIG_FLAGS) --disable-nls

binutils: $(BINUTILS_BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** Build $(BINUTILS_VER) ***********"
        (cd $(BINUTILS_BUILD_DIR); $(BINUTILS_SRC_DIR)/configure $(BINUTILS_CONF);)
        (cd $(BINUTILS_BUILD_DIR); make all install)

$(BINUTILS_SRC_DIR): $(SRC_DIR)
        @echo "****** Decompress $(BINUTILS_PACKAGE) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(BINUTILS_SRC_DIR)
        (cd $(SRC_DIR); tar -jxvf $(BINUTILS_PACKAGE))

$(BINUTILS_BUILD_DIR): $(BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** create directory $(BINUTILS_BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(BINUTILS_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- NEWLIB ----------------

NEWLIB_CONF  = $(CONFIG_FLAGS) --disable-nls

newlib: $(NEWLIB_BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** Build $(NEWLIB_VER) ***********"
        (set path = $(TARGET_DIR)/bin;cd $(NEWLIB_BUILD_DIR);$(NEWLIB_SRC_DIR)/configure $(NEWLIB_CONF);)
        (cd $(NEWLIB_BUILD_DIR); make all install)

$(NEWLIB_SRC_DIR): $(SRC_DIR)
        @echo "****** Decompress $(NEWLIB_PACKAGE) ***********"
        (cd $(SRC_DIR); tar -zxvf $(NEWLIB_PACKAGE))

$(NEWLIB_BUILD_DIR): $(BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** create directory $(NEWLIB_BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(NEWLIB_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- GDB ----------------

GDB_CONF = $(CONFIG_FLAGS) --disable-nls

gdb: $(GDB_BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** Build $(GDB_VER) ***********"
        (cd $(GDB_BUILD_DIR); $(GDB_SRC_DIR)/configure $(GDB_CONF);)
        (cd $(GDB_BUILD_DIR); make all install))

$(GDB_SRC_DIR): $(SRC_DIR)
        @echo "****** Decompress $(GDB_PACKAGE) ***********"
        (cd $(SRC_DIR); tar -zxvf $(GDB_PACKAGE))

$(GDB_BUILD_DIR): $(BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** create directory $(GDB_BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(GDB_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- INSIGHT ----------------
INSIGHT_CONF = $(CONFIG_FLAGS) --disable-nls --disable-werror

insight: $(INSIGHT_BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** Build $(INSIGHT_VER) ***********"
        (cd $(INSIGHT_BUILD_DIR); $(INSIGHT_SRC_DIR)/configure $(INSIGHT_CONF);)
        (cd $(INSIGHT_BUILD_DIR); make all install)

$(INSIGHT_SRC_DIR): $(SRC_DIR)
        @echo "****** Decompress $(INSIGHT_PACKAGE) ***********"
        (cd $(SRC_DIR); tar -jxvf $(INSIGHT_PACKAGE))

$(INSIGHT_BUILD_DIR): $(BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** create directory $(INSIGHT_BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(INSIGHT_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- gcc-p0 ----------------

gcc-p0: gmp mpfr mpc

# ------------- GMP ----------------

GMP_CONF = --prefix=$(TARGET_DIR)

gmp: $(GMP_BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** Build $(GMP_VER) ***********"
        (cd $(GMP_BUILD_DIR); $(GMP_SRC_DIR)/configure $(GMP_CONF);)
        (cd $(GMP_BUILD_DIR); make all install)

$(GMP_SRC_DIR): $(SRC_DIR)
        @echo "****** Decompress $(INSIGHT_PACKAGE) ***********"
        (cd $(SRC_DIR); tar -jxvf $(GMP_PACKAGE))

$(GMP_BUILD_DIR): $(BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** create directory $(GMP_BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(GMP_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- MPFR ----------------

MPFR_CONF = --prefix=$(TARGET_DIR) \
            --with-gmp=$(TARGET_DIR)

mpfr: $(MPFR_BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** Build $(MPFR_VER) ***********"
        (cd $(MPFR_BUILD_DIR); $(MPFR_SRC_DIR)/configure $(MPFR_CONF);)
        (cd $(MPFR_BUILD_DIR); make all install)

$(MPFR_SRC_DIR): $(SRC_DIR)
        @echo "****** Decompress $(MPFR_PACKAGE) ***********"
        (cd $(SRC_DIR); tar -jxvf $(MPFR_PACKAGE))

$(MPFR_BUILD_DIR): $(BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** create directory $(MPFR_BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(MPFR_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- MPC ----------------

MPC_CONF = --prefix=$(TARGET_DIR)   \
           --with-gmp=$(TARGET_DIR) \
           --with-mpfr=$(TARGET_DIR)

mpc: $(MPC_BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** Build $(MPC_VER) ***********"
        (cd $(MPC_BUILD_DIR); $(MPC_SRC_DIR)/configure $(MPC_CONF);)
        (cd $(MPC_BUILD_DIR); make all install)

$(MPC_SRC_DIR): $(SRC_DIR)
        @echo "****** Decompress $(MPC_PACKAGE) ***********"
        (cd $(SRC_DIR); tar -zxvf $(MPC_PACKAGE))

$(MPC_BUILD_DIR): $(BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** create directory $(MPC_BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(MPC_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- GCC ----------------
GCC_CONF = $(CONFIG_FLAGS)          \
           --enable-interwork       \
           --disable-multilib       \
           --disable-nls            \
           --disable-shared         \
           --disable-threads        \
           --disable-decimal-float  \
           --disable-libmudflap     \
           --disable-libssp         \
           --disable-libgomp        \
           --disable-libquadmath    \
           --without-ppl            \
           --without-cloog          \
           --enable-languages=c,c++ \
           --with-newlib            \
           --with-headers=$(NEWLIB_SRC_DIR)/newlib/libc/include \
           --with-gmp=$(TARGET_DIR)  \
           --with-mpfr=$(TARGET_DIR) \
           --with-mpc=$(TARGET_DIR) \
           --enable-obsolete        \

#           --with-mpfr-include=$(GCC_SRC_DIR)/mpfr/src \
#           --with-mpfr-lib=$(GCC_SRC_DIR)/mpfr/src/.lib

gcc-p1: $(GCC_BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** Build $(GCC_VER) Phase-1  ***********"
        (cd $(GCC_BUILD_DIR); $(GCC_SRC_DIR)/configure $(GCC_CONF);)
        (cd $(GCC_BUILD_DIR); make all-gcc install-gcc)

gcc-p2: 
        @echo "****** Build $(GCC_VER) Phase-2  ***********"
        (cd $(GCC_BUILD_DIR); make all install)

$(GCC_SRC_DIR): $(SRC_DIR)
        @echo "****** Decompress $(GCC_PACKAGE) ***********"
        (cd $(SRC_DIR); tar -jxvf $(GCC_PACKAGE))

$(GCC_BUILD_DIR): $(BUILD_DIR)
        @echo "****** create directory $(GCC_BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(GCC_BUILD_DIR)

# ------------- misc ----------------

$(SRC_DIR):
        @echo "****** create directory $(SRC_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(SRC_DIR)

$(BUILD_DIR):
        @echo "****** create directory $(BUILD_DIR) ***********"
        -@mkdir $(BUILD_DIR)

$(PKG_DIR):
        @echo ERROR! No $(GNU_DIR) found!
        exit

clean: clean-build clean-src

clean-src:
        @rm -rf $(SRC_DIR)

clean-build:
        @rm -rf BUILD-*

Issues while build insight-6.8-1 with --target=spare-elf configuration

使用 insight-6.8-1


% ../insight-6.8-1/configure --target=sparc-elf --prefix=$OPT/sparc-elf-4.7.0 --disable-nls --disable-werror

會出現以下 error messages:


...
/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/sim/erc32/float.c:173:2: warning: #warning no fpu trap support for this target [-Wcpp]
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H     -DPROFILE=1 -DWITH_PROFILE=-1          -DDEFAULT_INLINE=0           -DSTAT -DFAST_UART -DIUREV0 -DMECREV0   -I. -I/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/sim/erc32 -I../common -I/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/sim/erc32/../common -I../../include -I/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/sim/erc32/../../include -I../../bfd -I/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/sim/erc32/../../bfd -I../../opcodes -I/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/sim/erc32/../../opcodes  -g -O2 -o sis \
  sis.o exec.o erc32.o func.o help.o float.o  ../../bfd/libbfd.a ../../opcodes/libopcodes.a  ../../libiberty/libiberty.a -lnsl  ../../readline/libreadline.a  -lm 
../../readline/libreadline.a(display.o): In function `cr':
/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/readline/display.c:2205: undefined reference to `tputs'
../../readline/libreadline.a(display.o): In function `_rl_move_cursor_relative':
/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/readline/display.c:1719: undefined reference to `tputs'
/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/readline/display.c:1745: undefined reference to `tputs'
../../readline/libreadline.a(display.o): In function `_rl_move_vert':
/GNU/SRC/insight-6.8-1/readline/display.c:1783: undefined reference to `tputs'
...

查了很久之後，發現是 link erc32 時少了 ncurses 這個 library，也就是少了 -lncurses。
解法：patch insight-6.8-1 source code:
edit ./insight-6.8-1/sim/erc32/Makefile.in

 
Line.25:    SIM_EXTRA_LIBS = $(READLINE_LIB) $(TERMCAP_LIB) -lm -lncurses

重新編譯安裝就OK了!


% ../insight-6.8-1/configure --target=sparc-elf --prefix=$OPT/sparc-elf-4.7.0 --disable-nls --disable-werror
% make
% make install

2012年4月18日星期三

Install TRAP (TRansaction level Automatic Processor generator)

安裝完 SystemC-2.2.0 and TLM 後，
在來安裝 TRAP 來玩玩看，這裡有詳細的安裝步驟說明。

一些準備工作
請先確認系統是否已安裝以下的 Library or Tools
libELF, SystemC, TLM, Boots, Python, networkx

Checkout TRAP Source Code


% svn checkout http://trap-gen.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ trap-gen

Compile and Install TRAP


% cd trap-gen
% ./waf configure --with-systemc=/opt/systemc/systemc-2.2.0 --prefix=/opt/systemc/trap
% ./waf
% ./waf install

Compile LEON3 Processor


% cd processors/LEON3
% python LEON3Arch.py
% cd processors
% ./waf configure --with-systemc=/opt/systemc/systemc-2.2.0 --with-tlm=/opt/systemc/TLM-2009-07-15 --with-trap=/opt/systemc/trap
% ./waf

TRAP 產生的 CPU Simulator 可以有四種類型：funcLT, funcAT, accLT, accAT

但這次編譯，只會生出 funcLT and funcAT。

Install cross compiler
有已經做好的 sparc-elf, arm-elf compiler，替我省下不少時間！
若要自己做 cross compiler，要記得 compiler 安裝完後要將 BSP 檔案 copy 到 compiler 安裝目錄，以 sparc-elf 為例：


% cp $(TRAP_SRC_DIR)/BSP_and_Compiler/sparc/* $(SPARC_ELF_INSTALL_DIR)/sparc-elf/lib
% sparc-elf-gcc -c exceptionTrap.S -o exceptionTrap.o
% sparc-elf-gcc -c libcStub.c -o libcStub.o
% sparc-elf-gcc -c osemu-crt0.S -o osemu-crt0.o

run Hello-World
hello.c


#include "stdio.h"
int main(void) {
    printf("Hello World\n");
}

Compile hello.c


% sparc-elf-gcc -specs=osemu.specs -g -O2 hello.c -o hello

Simulate with funcAT


% $(TRAP-SRC-DIR)/processors/LEON3/processor/_build_/funcAT/funcAT -a hello

             SystemC 2.2.0 --- Apr 17 2012 12:05:44
        Copyright (c) 1996-2006 by all Contributors
                    ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

	
	      _/        _/_/_/_/    _/_/    _/      _/   _/_/_/
	     _/        _/        _/    _/  _/_/    _/         _/
	    _/        _/_/_/    _/    _/  _/  _/  _/     _/_/
	   _/        _/        _/    _/  _/    _/_/         _/
	  _/_/_/_/  _/_/_/_/    _/_/    _/      _/   _/_/_/
	


	Luca Fossati  -    email: fossati.l@gmail.com




Loading the application and initializing the tools ...
... tools initialized

Hello World

Program exited with value 10

SystemC: simulation stopped by user.

Elapsed 0 sec. (real time)
Executed 1924 instructions
Execution Speed: inf MIPS
Simulated time: 2330 us
Elapsed 2330 cycles

Simulate with funcCT


% $(TRAP-SRC-DIR)/processors/LEON3/processor/_build_/funcAT/funcAT -a hello

             SystemC 2.2.0 --- Apr 17 2012 12:05:44
        Copyright (c) 1996-2006 by all Contributors
                    ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

	
	      _/        _/_/_/_/    _/_/    _/      _/   _/_/_/
	     _/        _/        _/    _/  _/_/    _/         _/
	    _/        _/_/_/    _/    _/  _/  _/  _/     _/_/
	   _/        _/        _/    _/  _/    _/_/         _/
	  _/_/_/_/  _/_/_/_/    _/_/    _/      _/   _/_/_/
	


	Luca Fossati  -    email: fossati.l@gmail.com




Loading the application and initializing the tools ...
... tools initialized

Hello World

Program exited with value 10

SystemC: simulation stopped by user.

Elapsed 0.01 sec. (real time)
Executed 1924 instructions
Execution Speed: 0.1924 MIPS
Simulated time: 2330 us
Elapsed 2330 cycles
%

run Testsuite


% cd $(TRAP-SRC-DIR)/testsuite
% setenv CC_CROSS sparc-elf-gcc
% setenv CFLAGS "-DBIG_TARGET -specs=osemu.specs"
% setenv SIMULATOR "../processors/LEON3/processor/_build_/funcAT/funcAT"
% make test

run Benchmark


% cd $(TRAP-SRC-DIR)/benchmarks
% setenv CC_CROSS sparc-elf-gcc
% setenv CFLAGS "-DBIG_TARGET -specs=osemu.specs"
% setenv SIMULATOR "../processors/LEON3/processor/_build_/funcAT/funcAT"
% make run

2012年4月17日星期二

安裝 SystemC and TLM on OpenSuSE 12.1 (64-bit Linux)

Setup Environment Variable
edit .cshrc by adding:


setenv SYSTEMC_HOME /opt/systemc/systemc-2.2.0
setenv TLM_HOME     /opt/systemc/TLM-2009-07-15

Install SystemC-2.2.0

照例，要先修改 ./systemc-2.2.0/src/sysc/utils/sc_utils_ids.cpp
加上下列兩行


#include "string.h"
#include "cstdlib"

開始編譯


% cd systemc-2.2.0
% mkdir objdir
% cd objdir
% ../configure --prefix=/opt/systemc/systemc-2.2.0
% make

嗯，跟之前安裝時不一樣，這次跑出來以下錯誤訊息：


../../../../systemc-2.2.0/src/sysc/datatypes/bit/sc_bit_proxies.h:716:16: error: reference ‘m_obj’ cannot be declared ‘mutable’ [-fpermissive]
../../../../systemc-2.2.0/src/sysc/datatypes/bit/sc_bit_proxies.h:1193:18: error: reference ‘m_left’ cannot be declared ‘mutable’ [-fpermissive]
../../../../systemc-2.2.0/src/sysc/datatypes/bit/sc_bit_proxies.h:1194:18: error: reference ‘m_right’ cannot be declared ‘mutable’ [-fpermissive]
../../../../systemc-2.2.0/src/sysc/datatypes/bit/sc_bit_proxies.h:1196:18: error: reference ‘m_refs’ cannot be declared ‘mutable’ [-fpermissive]

Google 一下之後，找到解法，將 src/sysc/datatypes/bit/sc_bit_proxies.h 中的 mutable 都去除
重新 compile


% ../configure --prefix=/opt/systemc/systemc-2.2.0
% make
% sudo make install

最後可以做一下測試


$ make check

Install TLM-2.0.1
Step.1 將 TLM-2.0.1 解到 /opt/systemc/systemc-2.2.0


sudo tar -C /opt/systemc -zxvf ~/work/SystemC/SystemC.org/download/TLM-2.0.1.tgz

Spte.2 修改 systemc-2.2.0/include/sysc/packages/boost/bind/placeholders.hpp


LINE.28 #if defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(__GNUC__)

Spte.3 修改 systemc-2.2.0/include/sysc/datatypes/bit/sc_lv_base.h


LINE.309     return sc_logic_value_t( (m_data[wi] >> bi & SC_DIGIT_ONE) |
LINE.310                              (m_ctrl[wi] >> bi << 1 & SC_DIGIT_TWO) );

Run TLM-2.0.1 examples
Step.1 修改 TLM-2009-07-15/examples/tlm/build-unix/Makefile.config


LINE.2  DEFAULT_TARGET_ARCH  = linux64

Step.2 執行 examples


% cd TLM-2009-07-15/examples/tlm/build-unix
% make
% make run

Run TLM-2.0.1 unit_test
Step.1 修改 TLM-2009-07-15/unit_test/tlm/build-unix/Makefile.config


LINE.2  DEFAULT_TARGET_ARCH  = linux64

Step.2 執行 examples


$ cd TLM-2009-07-15/unit_test/tlm/build-unix
$ make
$ make run

2012年2月20日星期一

有時候，Safari Download 會卡住？找到原因了！

不知道從時候開始，Safari 在 Download file 時，經常會卡住完全沒反應，
且只在我的 Macbook 才會發生，家裡的 Mac Mini 以及 iMac 並不會有這情形，
找了很久都找不出原因....
今天，
在 Download vlc-2.0.0.dmg 時，又卡住了，
這次，發現一個錯誤訊息：『外掛模組錯誤』（之前都沒有留意）
查了一下 Safari 的輔助說明 -> 以安裝的外掛模組
發現一個外掛模組 "SpeedDownload Browser Plugin" 非常可疑，
決定將他砍掉：


$ cd /Library/Internet\ Plug-Ins/
$ sudo rm -rf SpeedDownload\ Browser\ Plugin.plugin/

重新啟動 Safari，
Yes, it works!

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2012年5月18日 星期五